šRecent studies looking at diet and autoimmune disease have increasingly shown a link between a Western style diet, and higher risk of disease
šThis is thought to be due to several factors :
šWestern diets increase risk of obesity, in particular white adipose tissue (WAT), a type of fat cell that increases inflammation as it releases inflammatory chemicals (CRP, TNF-alpha, IL6, leptin)
šThese chemicals impact T regulatory cells (T-reg), the cells that control the immune balance
šHigh salt diets are also known to promote autoimmune disease, again through altering T-cell balance
šRed meat contains a sugar called Neu5Gc, which can trigger an autoimmune response when absorbed
šThe gut biome plays a huge role in immune function, and altered gut biome is linked with autoimmune disease, again via altered T cell balance .
šDiets low in fibre, and high in saturated fat and fructose, damage the gut microbiome. In animal studies, altering the gut biome to either 'good' or 'bad' bacteria, has a direct impact on inflammatory markers
šProcessed foods, high fat, and high refined carb diets also alter gut wall permeability, allowing food antigens and bacterial byproducts to get into the blood, triggering inflammation ('leaky gut').
šDietary emulsifiers have also been shown to increase risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD,) potentially due to effect on gut wall permeability and gut biome
šIn MS and RA, diets high in dairy, animal fat, and red meat increased risk; while high plant fibre and omega 3 intake reduced risk
šIn psoriasis and IBD, diets high in plants and omega 3 can reduce risk and disease severity
šHigh sugar diets cause AGEs, a compound that is highly inflammatory. They also alter immune cell metabolism, through the 'warburg effect' - promoting inflammation
So what is the best diet to reduce risk of autoimmune disease, and symptoms?
šA diet high in plant based foods, fibre, and omega 3 ie Mediterranean style diet, is the most evidence based approach, along with reduced fat, red meat, refined carbs, and added sugar
šThis improves gut biome, and reduces 'leaky gut', inflammatory markers and weight
šMore details in my next post!!
https://www.umassmed.edu/nutrition/blog/blog-posts/2019/5/a-word-or-two-about-emulsifiers/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4034518/
https://www.todaysdietitian.com/newarchives/110211p36.shtml https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5440529/ https://nutritionstudies.org/a-whole-food-plant-based-approach-to-autoimmune-diseases-in-4-steps/
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/13/7/743/html
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